ABSTRACT
Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de violencia obstétrica en la sala de partos del Hospital General del Oeste Dr. José Gregorio Hernández de Caracas durante el período comprendido entre junio y octubre de 2012. Métodos: Estudio prospectivo y descriptivo, en el que se investigó , la posibilidad de ocurrir violencia obstétrica en 326 pacientes, atendidas por partos, cesáreas y abortos. Se aplicó un cuestionario de 15 preguntas orientado a conocer la opinión de las pacientes en cuanto a la atención recibida y si tenían conocimientos acerca de la violencia obstétrica. Resultados: La prevalencia de violencia obstétrica fue de 26,3 %, predominando la violencia psicológica. Cuando hubo agresión verbal o maltrato los responsables fueron el obstetra, el anestesiólogo, y las enfermeras. El 34,4 % de las pacientes no recibió información adecuada sobre los procedimientos que les practicarían, mientras que al 65,6 % les fueron realizados procedimientos médicos o quirúrgicos sin solicitarles el consentimiento informado por escrito. Fue informada agresión física en 0,9 % de los casos. En el 80,1 % desconoce los mecanismos de denuncia. Conclusiones: La mejor contribución que se puede hacer para enfrentar eficazmente el problema de la violencia contra la mujer, incluida la violencia obstétrica, es promover su prevención.
Objective: To determinate the prevalence of obstetric violence in the Labor Area of the General Hospital of the West Dr. Jose Gregorio Hernandez in Caracas during June to October of 2012. Methods: Prospective and descriptive study, to investigated the possibility of obstetric violence occur in 326 patients attended by deliveries, cesarean sections and abortions. A questionnaire of 15 questions aimed at getting feedback from the patients for the care and whether they had knowledge of obstetric violence was applied. Results: Obstetric violence prevalence was 26.3 %, prevailing the psychological violence. When verbal aggression or maltreatment occurred the responsible was the physicians and nurses. 34.4 % of the patient not received adequate information about the procedures that will be performed, while 65.6 % were realized medical or surgical procedures without request the informed consent. Physical violence was informed in 0.9 % of the cases. The 80.1 % was unaware about the denunciation mechanisms. Conclusions: The best contribution that will be doing to confront effectively the gender violence, included obstetric violence, is to promote it´s prevention.
ABSTRACT
With the outbreak of an epidemic neuropathy (EN) of unknown ethiology, a study of the prevalence and factors associated to the disease was carried out in the Zamora community, municipality of Marianao, Havana City. There were 11 patients identified with EN for a prevalence rate of 1.7/100. The major risk group was the one between 45 and 64 years of age, female sex, black skin. In the univaried analysis, a high prevalence ratio (PR) was found linked to bevarage intake (PR=5.32 95 per cent; confidence intervals (CI) = 1.2-24.4), frequent drugs intake (PR=6.59; CI=1.8-24.6), consumption of edible of non certified fats (PR=4.48; CI=1.2-16.7) and the smoking habit (PR=3.6; CI=1.1-12.2). More than 73/100 (CI=68.7-78.3) of the people under serologic study were infected with Coxsakie virus A-9 (strain 47) isolated from a patient still under research. It seems there are many factors like linder intake, antecedents of hemorrhagic conjuntivitis, nutritional aspects and others that, with the virus isolated were associated with this epidemiologic situation.